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Public capital : Public sector-led cases of tourism investment promotion
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Spain
- In 1997, the City of Bilbao built the Guggenheim Museum on the 24,000 ㎡ site, spending $150 million. The building designed by American architect Frank Gehry was extolled by Spanish King Juan Carlos as "the best building built in the 20th Century.”
- Following the opening of the museum, Bilbao became known throughout the world as a successful case of enlivening the local economy through the transformation of itself into a tourism city.
- Its success is attributable to civic organizations’ promotion of place marketing in an organized and systematic way, as well as residents’ positive participation in the execution of the state government’s local development plan. The Bilbao Metropolitan Plan is established jointly by the public/private sectors, utilizing outside experts’ help in execution of the plan.
Battery Park City, New York
The area on the southern tip of Manhattan, Battery Park City was a town for middle-income Greek immigrants created on the reclaimed land. This is an example of successful transformation into a high-end neighborhood complete with a park, hotels and business facilities. The waterfront town was a successful joint venture between the New York State/City governments and a private development business.
Federation Square, Melbourne, Australia
Originally the site of a downtown railroad station and maintenance facilities, Melbourne was transformed into a space for cultural activities, shopping and sightseeing. The area became a leading tourist attraction in the city with unique buildings designed by a British design firm under a project plan led by the Melbourne City and state governments.
Sentosa Island, Singapore
Located to south of the main island of Singapore, Sentosa Island was used as a British fortress until 1967 and returned to Singapore with its independence. In 1968, the Singaporean government decided to develop it as a tourist site. The development project was carried out, under the leadership of the government-run Sentosa Development Corporation (SDC), launched in September 1972.
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